Independent analysis studies a child's speech production independent of the adult form; examples include phonemic inventory and word/syllable shapes.

Independent analysis studies a child's speech production independent of the adult form; examples include phonemic inventory and word/syllable shapes.

• A. Relational analysis
• B. PCC
• C. Independent analysis
• D. Phonotactic probability

Answer: (C)

The key idea is describing a child’s speech without judging it against adult targets. Independent analysis looks at what the child actually produces and uses to map the child’s phonological system, with examples like phonemic inventory (the sounds the child uses) and the shapes of their words or syllables (such as CV or CVC patterns). This approach answers questions about what sounds and syllable structures the child can produce on their own, giving a portrait of their repertoire. Relational analysis, by contrast, compares the child’s productions to the adult form to identify errors, substitutions, or omissions, often using measures like Percent Consonants Correct to quantify accuracy relative to targets. Phonotactic probability relates to how likely certain sound sequences are in the language and isn’t about describing the child’s independent repertoire or its relation to adult targets. Since the examples provided are about the child’s own sounds and syllable shapes, independent analysis is the best fit.

The key idea is describing a child’s speech without judging it against adult targets. Independent analysis looks at what the child actually produces and uses to map the child’s phonological system, with examples like phonemic inventory (the sounds the child uses) and the shapes of their words or syllables (such as CV or CVC patterns). This approach answers questions about what sounds and syllable structures the child can produce on their own, giving a portrait of their repertoire.

Relational analysis, by contrast, compares the child’s productions to the adult form to identify errors, substitutions, or omissions, often using measures like Percent Consonants Correct to quantify accuracy relative to targets. Phonotactic probability relates to how likely certain sound sequences are in the language and isn’t about describing the child’s independent repertoire or its relation to adult targets.

Since the examples provided are about the child’s own sounds and syllable shapes, independent analysis is the best fit.